The OT scriptures are in Hebrew. There is no definite article before Satan in 1Kings 11:14 and there is definite article before Satan in Job. That's the difference to make in Hebrew between just an Adversary and The Adversary. That's my point. Whether it's used as adjective elsewhere is not my point.
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This is what i know about the definite article, from my Phoenician notes.
1. The noun with the article may be followed by the adjective which qualifies it, with the article repeated.
2. An adjective without an article, which follows a noun, is a predicate article
3. proper nouns may take an article
4. abstract nouns take the article
5. nouns qualified by a demonstrative pronoun take the article
6. numerals take the article
7. articles appear generally as a demonstrative or personal pronoun
8. sometimes without a substantive, the article stands for he, she, it
9. adjectives used as nouns take the article
10. The article may have a generic force, marking an object as the representative of a class
11. sometimes the article had a distributive force, meaning "each"
12. the article may precede a whole clause considered as a noun
13. the article may stand for the relative (who, which)