The parenthetical statement is in the Greek, as far as I can see
You're seeing things then because it isn't there.
- It says "καθαρίζων πάντα τὰ βρώματα" which means "he is cleansing all the foods".
Yep. Purging, cleansing, etc. You're conflating what it says just prior to the parenthetical statement with the parenthetical statement. Food goes through the digestive tract and is purged or cleansed from the body.
The verb "καθαρίζων" is the same verb Jesus used when he told the leper "be made clean".
Yep and the body is made clean by purging all food from it. The digestive tract doesn't redefine what food is, nor does Jesus' teaching.
But even if we discard that verse completely we still have the one before it, which says "everything entering from outside is not able to defile a man" -
Yep, and Jesus points out the origin of defilement, i.e. from what emerges from within their heart including "murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lasciviousness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness" The one who conceived murder in his heart IS ALREADY defiled, and desiring to transgress any of God's law is conceived within one's own heart, and defiles them. This doctrine doesn't abrogate any of God's laws. That's just a blatant Non Sequitur. The digestive tract doesn't annul God's commandments.
Greek: οὐ νοεῖτε ὅτι πᾶν τὸ ἔξωθεν εἰσπορευόμενον εἰς τὸν ἄνθρωπον οὐ δύναται αὐτὸν κοινῶσαι.
Literal translation: (do you) not know that everything which from-outside entering into the man not is-able to defile him.
Again, drug addicts, alcoholics, sodomites, etc. have all used this same exact logic to justify their behavior as well. There is no essential difference whatsoever. Look at the same exact scenario played out except this time substitute the disciple neglecting to wash after engaging in relations with his wife. Jesus then says, "nothing that enters from outside can defile anyone for it enters into the womb and is expelled during the time of a woman's separation (Thus he declared all sex as clean and acceptable)" See how that doesn't follow? Do you see the Non Sequitur yet?
You'll have to tell that to the Disciples, then, who also met on the "first day of the week" (Sunday)
Yep. They couldn't meet to collect money for those in Jerusalem because that's work.
Where does it say a church service?
including communion and a sermon. (Recall that the Sabbath is the seventh day, when God rested, so this is a different day that they're having church):
False. Note what precedes your quote: "we sailed away from Philippi after the days of unleavened bread,"
If you're going to claim that this is just a passing remark with no significance, then we could say the same thing with regards to "breaking bread".
Acts 20:7 And upon the first day of the week, when the disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached unto them, ready to depart on the morrow; and continued his speech until midnight.
This would be the first of the seven Sabbaths that precede Pentecost. Each and everyone of those first days is a Sabbath including Pentecost itself. It depended upon the harvest (Duet. 16:9), and it was always the day after the Sabbath when the wave sheaf was presented (Leviticus 23:15)
Additionally as far as our church records exist outside the Scriptures, we've always worshipped on Sunday and have never changed that ecclesiastical practice in 1,900 years.
You may have an argument there, but one could just as easily be made for claiming that the church never observed heterosexual marriage. It doesn't then follow that it is acceptable, or that it isn't explicitly condemned in the biblical texts.
Usury means to charge exorbitant interest,
Not in the bible, it isn't. The practice was abolished during Ezra Nehemiah e.g. Neh. 5
and the church members aren't charging the interest that when they sign up for a mortgage.
Doesn't matter who is charging who. Jesus says NOT to charge interest to one's enemies, and under the Mosaic law, one couldn't charge interest to their neighbors or kinsmen. Jesus effectively abolishes the practice completely. One can only lend or borrow without interest.