The Massorah by C.D. Vol IV, p. 28 § 115
Your post. The
Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, R Kittel, 1984 Margin at verse Gen 18:3 has a Masoretic note with the Hebrew letters Koph Lamed Dalet (134) indicating the first of 134 instances where pre-Masoretic copyists removed the name YHWH from the Hebrew text, replacing it with the word Lord.
Also see:
Brown Driver Briggs Hebrew Lexicon, page 11b
a. my Lord ... (Sam. YHWH) elsewhere in Hex, J;
Gn 18 [3(?).27.30.31.32 19.2.18(?)
The Scriptures Bible
“And said, YHWH, if now I have found favor (grace in Hebrew) in thy sight, pass not away, I pray thee, from thy servant:” (Genesis 18:3)
It caught my interest, so I purchased “The Scriptures”, Institute for Scripture Research, 2009 Edition, Republic of South Africa.
Allow me to quote from this publication.
Introduction page 17 “
The Tanak in this translation is based on the Masoretic Hebrew and Aramaic text of the Scriptures, printed in the 1937 edition of Rudolph Kittel’s Biblia Hebraica. This is based on the ben Asher text of Leningrad B 19a. Generally speaking, there are a few problems with the Masoretic text, because the Masoretes copied the Scriptures in great fear of making mistakes and altering the text. They used the device of the Kethib and Qere by means of which they indicated in the margins their preferred readings. However, they did make a few changes in the text itself which have been recorded for us, but unfortunately not all in one manuscript
. In 134 places the Sopherim [Scribes] removed the Name יהוה and substituted the term Adonai. In a further 8 placers the Name יהוה was substituted by the term Elohim. Theses have been collected b Dr. C.D. Ginsberg in his ‘Introduction to the Massoretico-Critical Edition of the Hebrew Bible.’”
Introduction page 18. “Unfortunately, we do not have the original text.
Only very old copies are currently available, until the archaeologists give us something more. The oldest, but not necessarily the ‘best’ copies currently available are in Greek. Were these [ultimately] copies of Greek or Semitic [i.e. Hebrew / Aramaic] originals?
Page 1222 Explanatory Notes.
Emendations by the Sopherim = The 134 passages where the Sopherim [scribes] altered the Name יהוה to Adonai have been restored in The Scriptures, which are,
{For this discussion I am interested in Isaiah.]
Yeshayahu [Isaiah] 3:17,18/ 4:4/ 6:1,8,11/ 7:14,20/ 8:7/ 9:8,17/ 10:12/ 11:11/ 21:6,8,16/ 28:2/ 29:13/ 30:20/ 37:24/ 38:14,16/ 49:14
Page 1223
The additional passages where the Sopherim substituted the Name יהוה with Elohim are:
Yeshayahu [Isaiah] 2:11
I use New King James Version, which used = 1967-1977 Stuttgart edition of the Bibla Hebraica, / Daniel Bomberg ‘Rabbinic Bible’ 1524-25, / LXX /Latin Volgate / Dead Sea Scrolls to translate.
Also use.
“The English-Hebrew Reverse Interlinear Old Testament New King James Version.” Michael S Heiser. Lexham Press.
You cited “Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, R Kittel, 1984”, “The Scriptures Bible”.
How do we test this? Something interesting, one of the Dead Sea Scrolls is a complete copy of Isaiah, which is the oldest copy mentioned in this post.
I am using 'The Lexham Dead Sea Scrolls Hebrew - English Interlinear Bible ,2016,
In the business world when a company is audited, the auditors do not go over everything, but take samples to determine, [based on the samples], if the ‘books’ are true. We shall take a sample [Isaiah] to test if these allegations are true.
After comparing the alleged Masoretic changes in Isaiah, against the Dead Sea Scroll copy of Isaiah and ‘The English-Hebrew Reverse Interlinear Old Testament New King James Version’ I found the following.
When comparing Isaiah Yeshayahu [Isaiah] 2:11/ 3:17,18/ 4:4/ 6:1,8,11/ 7:14,20/ 8:7/ 9:8,17/ 10:12/ 11:11/ 21:6,8,16/ 28:2/ 29:13/ 30:20/ 37:24/ 38:14,16/ 49:14
Only the following agree with your sources. Yeshayahu [Isaiah] 6:11/ 7:14/ 9:8, / 21:16/ 28:2.
In the others either Adonai is found in the Dead Sea Scroll of Isaiah which agrees with The English-Hebrew Reverse Interlinear Old Testament New King James Version’.
Or
When יהוה is found in the Dead Sea Scroll, it is also found in The English-Hebrew Reverse Interlinear Old Testament New King James Version’.
Out of 24 verses, of Isaiah, noted by Biblia Hebraica 5 were correct. That’s 20.8% accuracy. In other words, if we accept the correction for Isaiah, the ‘corrected copy’ of Isaiah would be less accurate than the one we began with.
After the authors of ‘The Scriptures” corrected the errors, the replaced Theos with Elohim in the NT.
John 1:1 reads. “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with Elohim, and the Word was Elohim.” = Trinity or Polytheism. You pick.
As for Genesis 18:3 “eyes” is not plural but dual. It applies to one person.
dual — This grammatical number tag indicates a form of some nouns (including numerals - and adjectives in those databases that tag some numerals as adjectives) for indicating that two things are being referenced. For example, the Hebrew words for “hands” and “hips” occur in the dual form since a person only has two such items. However, when a word does not have a grammatically plural form, the dual may be used to indicate more than two. See J.-M. §91, §150d; BHRG §24.3.4; IBHS §7.3; GKC §88.
Heiser, M. S., & Setterholm, V. M. (2013; 2013).
Glossary of Morpho-Syntactic Database Terminology. Lexham Press.
Also, based on “The Scriptures” the BHS claims that Genesis 20:4 was changed. = “But Abimelech had not come near her; and he said, “Lord, will You slay a righteous nation also?”
Now if I know my history, God did not reveal His name until Exodus. How does Abimelech know YHWH’s name?
Based on the samples, the BHS’ claim is unreliable.